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ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of protein kinase CK2β in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and the association of CK2β expression with patient prognosis. MethodsHCC tissue and adjacent tissue samples were collected from 127 HCC patients Who were diagnosed in Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Januany 2012 to June 2013, and immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of CK2β. The association of CK2β expression with clinical features of HCC patients was analyzed. A total of 20 HCC tissue samples, 20 adjacent tissue samples, 20 cirrhotic tissue samples, and 20 normal liver tissue samples were collected from March to June 2018 in our hospital, and Western blot and real-time PCR were used to measure the protein and mRNA expression of CK2β in these tissue samples. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of means between multiple groups, and Bonferroni test was used for further comparison between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Mann-Whitney U test or the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to investigate the association of CK2β expression with clinical features. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the log-rank test was used for comparison between groups. ResultsWestern blot and real-time PCR showed that the expression rate of CK2β in HCC tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissue, cirrhotic tissue, and normal liver tissue (P＜0.05); there was no significant difference in the expression of CK2β between adjacent tissue and cirrhotic tissue (P＞0.05), and the expression of CK2β in adjacent tissue and cirrhotic tissue was significantly higher than that in normal liver tissue (P＜0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that there was a significant difference in the positive rate of CK2β between HCC tissue and adjacent tissue in the 127 HCC patients (85.8% vs 63.0%, P＜0.001). There was a significant difference in CK2β expression distribution between HCC patients with different ages (Z=-2.277, P=0.023), presence or absence of liver cirrhosis (Z=-2.144, P=0.032), different tumor sizes (Z=-2.289, P=0.004), or different Edmondson-Steiner pathological grades (χ2=8.210, P=0.016). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the strongly positive CK2β expression group had a significantly shorter postoperative survival time than the moderately positive, weakly positive, and negative CK2β expression groups (all P＜0.001). ConclusionCK2β may be involved in the development and progression of HCC, and its positive expression is associated with the prognosis of HCC patients.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of protein kinase CK2β in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and the association of CK2β expression with patient prognosis. MethodsHCC tissue and adjacent tissue samples were collected from 127 HCC patients Who were diagnosed in Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Januany 2012 to June 2013, and immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of CK2β. The association of CK2β expression with clinical features of HCC patients was analyzed. A total of 20 HCC tissue samples, 20 adjacent tissue samples, 20 cirrhotic tissue samples, and 20 normal liver tissue samples were collected from March to June 2018 in our hospital, and Western blot and real-time PCR were used to measure the protein and mRNA expression of CK2β in these tissue samples. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of means between multiple groups, and Bonferroni test was used for further comparison between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Mann-Whitney U test or the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to investigate the association of CK2β expression with clinical features. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the log-rank test was used for comparison between groups. ResultsWestern blot and real-time PCR showed that the expression rate of CK2β in HCC tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissue, cirrhotic tissue, and normal liver tissue (P＜0.05); there was no significant difference in the expression of CK2β between adjacent tissue and cirrhotic tissue (P＞0.05), and the expression of CK2β in adjacent tissue and cirrhotic tissue was significantly higher than that in normal liver tissue (P＜0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that there was a significant difference in the positive rate of CK2β between HCC tissue and adjacent tissue in the 127 HCC patients (85.8% vs 63.0%, P＜0.001). There was a significant difference in CK2β expression distribution between HCC patients with different ages (Z=-2.277, P=0.023), presence or absence of liver cirrhosis (Z=-2.144, P=0.032), different tumor sizes (Z=-2.289, P=0.004), or different Edmondson-Steiner pathological grades (χ2=8.210, P=0.016). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the strongly positive CK2β expression group had a significantly shorter postoperative survival time than the moderately positive, weakly positive, and negative CK2β expression groups (all P＜0.001). ConclusionCK2β may be involved in the development and progression of HCC, and its positive expression is associated with the prognosis of HCC patients.
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Objective To evaluate the differences of the thinnest-point corneal thickness (TCT) decrease after three different corneal crosslinking (CXL) protocols for progressive keratoconus.Methyds Retrospective clinical case study.From August 2010 to November 2015,consecutive 85 patients (110 eyes) with progressive keratoconus were enrolled and treated with CXL in Department of Opthalmology,Navy General Hospital.21 patients of 25 eyes underwent standard epithelium-off corneal crosslinking (S-CXL),14 patients of 22 eyes underwent 1 g · L-1 riboflavin-sodium lactate Ringer's solution iontophoresis-assisted CXL (I-CXLa),and 50 patients of 63 eyes underwent 0.1％ riboflavin-distilled water solution I-CXLb.Preoperative and postoperative TCT were measured by ALLEGRO oculyzer.The differences of TCT decrease after treatment were compared among the three CXL protocols.Results The differences of TCT from baseline after 3 months,6 months and 12 months in the S-CXL group were (-14.93 ±27.16) μm,(-31.94 ±22.89) μm,(-27.71 ±26.01) μm,respectively,the I-CXLa group were (-20.14 ± 19.09) μm,(-10.10 ± 24.28) μm,(-7.11 ± 22.26)μm,respectively,the I-CXLb group were (-28.08 ± 26.14) μm,(-21.08 ± 25.62) μm,(-15.91 ± 19.19)μm,respectively.Three months after treatment,the differences of TCT decrease in the three groups was not statistically significant (P =0.188);Six and 12 months after treatment,the differences between S-CXL and I-CXLa were statistically significant (all P ＜0.05),but the differences between S-CXL and I-CXLb,between I-CXLb and I-CXLa showed no significant difference (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Six and 12 months after treatment,TCT decrease is related to the CXL protocol.TCT decrease degree may reflect the intensity of crossinking.TCT decrease in I-CXLb is smaller than that in S-CXL,but there is no statistical difference.
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Objective To investigate the expression of Golgi protein?73(GP73) and Ki?67 antigen in gallbladder carcinoma ,and to analyze their correlations with proliferation ,invasion ,and prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma. Methods Streptavid?in?peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of GP73 and Ki?67 in surgically resected specimens of 58 gallbladder carcinomas ,15 gallbladder adenomas and 15 gallbladder polyps samples . Results The positive rates of GP73 and Ki?67 protein in gallbladder carcinomas were 72.4% and67.24%,respectively ,which wer significantly higher than those in gallbladder adenomas(GP73:40.0%,Ki?67:26.7%,P<0.05)and in gallbladder polyps(GP73:13.3%,Ki?67:25.0%,P<0.05).The expression of GP73 was positively correlated with tumor differentiation ,Nevin staging and lymph node metastasis(P < 0.05), and the expression of GP73 was positively correlated with tumor differentiation ,Nevin staging(P < 0.05). GP73 expression was positively correlated with Ki?67 expression in gallbladder carcinoma (r = 0.473 ,P = 0.000). Patients with negative expression of GP73 and Ki?67 had longer survival time than those with positive expression of GP73 and Ki?67. Conclusion The expression of GP73 and Ki?67 was associated with proliferation ,invasion of gallbladder carcinoma. The combined detection of GP73 and Ki?67 is conducive to judging the progress and prognosis of the gallbladder carcinoma .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this review is to comprehensively and unbiasedly summarize the improvements in the techniques for classical corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) by covering the reasons for this improvement, measure, and effect to approach the future direction of the CXL.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>All articles used in this review were mainly retrieved from the PubMed database.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>Original articles and reviews were selected if they were related to the improvement in the technique of classical CXL. Data were mainly extracted from 94 articles, which are listed in the reference section of this review.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>This innovative research involves every step such as instrument preparation, epithelial management, riboflavin instillation, and UVA irradiation. These clinical and experimental results seem promising.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CXL treatment is the only recent promising method for preventing the progress of keratoconus. The limitations and potential complications that accompany classical CXL such as corneal thickness limitations, ultraviolet-A (UVA) light injury, and the impact of de-epithelialization encourage people to research new improvements in techniques. While this research needs to be further investigated, we hope our review can help related researchers and patients.</p>
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Humans , Collagen , Metabolism , Cornea , Metabolism , Radiation Effects , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>A systematic review of literature was performed to compare various visual function parameters including the final visual acuity outcome and/or adverse events between corneal refractive surgery (CLRS) and phakic intraocular lens implantation (p-IOLi) in the treatment of refractive amblyopic children.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>Two reviewers independently searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Controlled Trials Register databases for publications from 1991 to 2013.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>There were 25 articles, including 597 patients and 682 eyes, was included in CLRS group. Among them, 21 articles reported the use of CLRS in the treatment of myopic anisometropia for 318 patients (13 photorefractive keratectomy or laser epithelial keratomileusis and eight laser in situ keratomileusis). And 11 articles had the results of CLRS in treating hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia children. Eleven articles reported the effect of p-IOLi for treating high myopia or anisometropic amblyopia, including 61 patients (75 eyes). Age, pre- and postoperation best-corrected vision acuity (BCVA), and spherical equivalent (SE) were compared in CLRS and p-IOLi groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average age of CLRS group and p-IOLi group has no statistically significant difference. The SE in CLRS group for myopic anisometropia amblyopia patients was (-10.13 ± 2.73) diopters (D) and for hyperopic anisometropia amblyopia patients was (5.58 ± 1.28) D. In p-IOLi group the SE was (-14.01 ± 1.93) D. BCVA was improved significantly in both groups, and even better in p-IOLi group. Refractive errors were corrected in both groups, but there was no clinically significant difference in final SE between each group. More than one-half of the children had improved binocular fusion and stereopsis function in both groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Both CLRS group and p-IOLi group showed their advantage in treating refractive amblyopia in children. In comparing p-IOLi with CLRS for treatment of refractive amblyopia, no statistically significant difference in final BCVA was observed.</p>
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Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Amblyopia , General Surgery , Therapeutics , Anisometropia , MyopiaABSTRACT
Objective To explore the expression of PIWIL1 protein and DICER enzyme in hepa tocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their significance.Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of PIWIL1 and DICER in 47 cases of HCC and the adjacent HCC tissues.Western blot method was used to detect the expression of PIWIL1 and DICER in 31 cases of fresh HCC tissues and their adjacent HCC tissues.The relationship between PIWIL1 and DICER and their relationships were analysed with clinical features.12 cases of normal liver tissues were used as control group.Results The expression of PIWIL1 was high in HCC but low in normal liver tissues (P＜ 0.05).The expression of DICER was high in normal liver tissues but low in HCC (P＜0.05).The expression of PIWIL1 was positively correlated with invasion to adjacent tissues and histological differentiation (P＜0.05).The expression of DICER was negatively correlated with invasion to the adjacent tissues and histological differentiation (P＜0.05).There was a negative correlation between PIWIL1 and DICER (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions High expression of PIWIL1 and low/missing expression of DICER was related to pathological differentiation and invasion of adjacent tissues.
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Objective To investigate the effect of LI-cadherin- SiRNA protein on the growth and metastatic potentials of transplanted human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Hep3B) in nude mice.Methods We transfected LI-cadherin- SiRNA to Hep3B cells,Hep3B cell suspension (transfected or control ) was injected subcapsullaryly into the spleen of nude mice,hepatic metastasis was observed by naked eye and immunohistochemistry.In addition,Western-blot was used to detect the level of LI-cadherin in different metastatic site.Results (1) Hep3B was green after successful transfect interference vector under fluorescence inverted microscope,in this study,the transfect rate was 80％.(2) Hep3B liver metastasis model in nude mice was established.The metastasis rates in the empty plasmid carrying group,the control group and the SiRNA transfect group were 50％,60％ and 80％,respectively.The number of metastasis caner nodules in the SiRNA transfect group was 26,significantly higher than other two groups.(3) The level of protein expression for LI-cadherin in the SiRNA transfect group is significantly lower than the control group and the empty plasmid carrying group.Conclusions LI-cadherin is crucial and important for the adhension capability of HCC in its migration.SiRNA transfected LI-cadherin increases the metastasis in a nude mouse model inoculated with human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines.
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Objective To study the effects of histone deacertylase inhibitor (TSA) on promoter methylation and expression of E-cadherin gene in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC7721. Methods Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 was treated with TSA (300 nm/L), MTT method was used to investigate the growth inhibition ratio, TUNNL was conducted to measure the apoptosis ratio, methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was employed to detect changes in the CpG island methylation of E-cad promoter region, Western blot technique was used to detect the expression of E-cad gene and DNMT3b before and after TSA treatment, respectively. Results TSA decreases the SMMC-7721 cell viability and induces apoptosis, the growth inhibition ratio was 21.85% compared with control group. The apoptosis ratio of control group was (4.69±0.56)% ,the apoptosis ratio of TSA treatment group was (14.94±0.91)%. The apoptosis ratio of TSA treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group(P = 0.000). Before treated with TSA, the CpG island of E-cad promoter region was methylated, and the expression of E-cad was negative. TSA treatment induces demethylation of the CpG island in E-cad promoter region, causes the re-expression of E-cad. TSA reduces the expression of DNMT3b. Conclusions TSA decreases the SMMC-7721 cell viability and induces apoptosis, reverses the methylation status of E-cad promoter region, and resumes E-cad gene expression. TSA may induce demethylation through down-regulating the expression of DNMT3b.
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Objective To explore the effects of DNMT3b on the expression and methylation sta-tus of the promoter region of DLC-1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Methods The SMMC-7721 cell line was divided into 2 groups. The cell line in the experimental group was transfect-ed with DNMT3b siRNA, while that in the control group was transfected with control siRNA. West-ern blot was used to detect the expression of DNMT3b and DLC-1 and MSP was employed to examine the methylation status of the promoter region of DLC-1. Results The expression of DNMT3b was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group, while the expression of DLC-1 was just opposite. There was no significant difference in the methylation status of the promoter re-gion of DLC-1 between the 2 groups and both were methylated. Conelnsion The inhibition of expression of DNMT3b by siRNA method can enhance the expression level of DLC-1, and the methylation status of the promoter region of DLC-1 does not change at the same time. When affecting the expression of DLC-1, DN-MT3b might not play the role of methyhransferase, but can act as a transcriptional regulatory factor.
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Objective To evaluate the diagnosis and surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma(H-CC). Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical feature, surgical treatment and the effect on 73 patients with H-CC. Results Diagnosis was made in all of the patients preoperatively and the correct diagnostic rate of BUS was 69.9%. In the treatment, radical resection was performed on 15 patients with good results in a short-term period. Of the 43 patients who underwent biliary tract internal drainage or exterrnal drainage, 37 patients had good results in a short-term period, while 6 died after operation. Laparotomy or hepatic artery cannulization with chemotherapy was performed on 15 patients and no change occurred in a short-term period after operation. In 15 cases subjected to radical resection, 11 cases were followed up. The 1,3-year survival rates was 90.9%, 20.0% respectively, but none of the patients survived for over 5 years. In patients undergoing other operations, none survived more than 9 months. Conclusions It's still difficult to mak early diagnosis of H-CC, which mainly depends on imaging technics. The BUS should be choiced first. Radical resection rate is still low nowadays. The lobus quadratus resection is helpful to select the operation.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safty of pegging hydroxyapatite orbital implants.Methods Fourty-five patients who received drilling and pegging of hydroxyapatite orbital implants were studied retrospectively, and all patients used the peg and sleeve system followed-up 2 to 24 months.Results The rate of success of the first operations is 82.2%. Complications associated with pegging included peg hole drilled on an angle, drilling off-center, drilled hole shallow, granuloma and infection, total complications occured in 22.2% in the review, most that are of a minor nature can be cured.Conclusions The hydroxyapatite orbital implants can be directly coupled to the prosthesis through a peg system, allowing a wide range of prosthesis movement and giving a more lifelike quality to the prosthesis. When and how to drill and exactly hole on implant is the key for pegging.
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AIM: To investigate how brain-dead state affects the heart structure and function and the effect of PKC-? in BA-Ma mini pigs.METHODS: Ten Ba-Ma mini pigs were randomized into 2 groups: brain-dead group(n=5),and control group(n=5).The brain-dead model was made by increasing intracranial pressure,while the control group was maintained anesthesia for 24 h.The concentrations of cTnT,TNF-?,IL-1? and IL-6 in serum were determined at 6,12 and 24 h after brain death.At 24 h,heart tissues were observed by HE staining and electron microscope.The expression of PKC-? was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.RESULTS:(1) Histological changes of myocardium: flaky bleeding under endocardium and dissolution of myocardium were found in optical microscope.In electron microscope dropsical mitochondria and confluent muscle fiber were found.(2) Changes of serum cTnT: serum cTnT for brain-dead group began to increase gradually since 6 h,and were significantly higher at each time point than those in control group(P